The move is part of a package of measures which state-run Xinhua news agency said would protect personal information.
But critics believe the government is trying to limit freedom of speech.
The announcement will be seen as evidence China's new leadership is targeting the internet as a threat.
In recent months, the internet and social media have been
used to orchestrate mass protests and a number of corrupt Communist
Party officials have been exposed by individuals posting criticisms on
the internet.
Under the new measures, anyone signing agreements to access
the internet, fixed-line telephone and mobile devices will be required
by network service providers to give "genuine identification
information", the decision says, according to Xinhua.
Hundreds of millions of people use the internet in China,
with many using micro-blogging sites to complain or campaign on issues
of national interest, including government corruption.
The Chinese authorities closely monitor internet content that
crosses its borders and regularly block sensitive stories through use
of what is known as the Great Firewall of China.
BBC.
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